What aspect does Social Exchange Theory primarily focus on in interpersonal relationships?

Social Exchange Theory primarily examines the interactions and relationships between individuals through the lens of costs and rewards associated with those interactions. This theory posits that people evaluate their relationships based on the perceived benefits they receive and the costs they incur. Benefits can include emotional support, companionship, and resource sharing, while costs might involve time investment, emotional distress, or conflict.

According to this theory, individuals are motivated to maintain relationships when the perceived rewards outweigh the costs, leading to a favorable outcome that encourages continued engagement. Conversely, if the costs outweigh the perceived benefits, individuals may seek to end or minimize their investment in the relationship. This focus on balancing rewards and costs helps explain why some relationships flourish while others fail.

Understanding this dynamic is crucial in the context of communication and negotiation, as it influences how individuals approach conflicts and their willingness to engage in dialogue to resolve issues.