In Social Exchange Theory, what does the Comparison Level (CL) represent?

The Comparison Level (CL) in Social Exchange Theory refers to the standard by which individuals evaluate the satisfaction and quality of their relationships. It serves as a reference point against which the perceived rewards and costs of a relationship are assessed. Essentially, individuals use their Comparison Level to determine whether the benefits they receive from a relationship meet or exceed their expectations based on past experiences, social norms, or personal preferences.

When people are satisfied with their relationship, it usually means that the rewards outweigh the costs when compared to their established standard (the CL). If the relationship falls short of this comparison level, individuals may feel dissatisfied or consider alternatives.

This concept is integral to understanding how and why people stay in or leave relationships, as it emphasizes personal perceptions and norms rather than objective metrics, such as monetary value, duration, or specific conflicts encountered. These factors may influence a relationship but do not define the emotional and psychological evaluation that the Comparison Level represents.